Alojzy FeliÅ„ski (1771 â€" 1820) was a Polish writer.FeliÅ„ski was
born in Å uck. In his childhood he met Tadeusz Czacki. He was educated
by the Piarists in Dąbrownica, later in Włodzimierz Wołyński. In
1778 he settled in Lublin, where he became a close companion of
Kajetan Koźmian. Having resigned from the Bar together with Tadeusz
Czacki, in 1779 he entered Parliament in Warsaw, where he became
acquainted with many contemporary writers from Jacek Małachowski’s
circle of friends. During the Kościuszko Insurrection, Feliński was
Tadeusz Kościuszko’s secretary for French correspondence as well as
the law and order commissar in Wołyń. After the defeat of the
Insurrection he stayed at the Tarnowskis’ in Dzików, in 1795 he
returned to Wołyń to manage his estate. In 1809 the author became a
member of the Society of the Friends of Science. In 1815 he went to
live in Warsaw and joined the circle of classicists. In 1818 he moved
to Krzemieniec, where he took up the position of professor in the
Krzemieniec Lyceum, where he subsequently became the headmaster. In
1819 he was granted honorary membership of Vilna University. He died
in Krzemieniec.Feliński was a representative of the classicism
typical of the time after Stanisław Poniatowski’s reign. One of his
major works was the tragedy Barbara Radziwiłłówna (1817), regarded
as a masterpiece of classicist poetics; he translated Dellile’s poem
entitled The Landlord or the French Landowners. He often spoke about
Polish orthography, entering into a polemic on the subject with Jan
Åšniadecki, who advocated traditional spelling.Hymn, written in honour
of Tsar Alexander I on the occasion of the first anniversary of the
Congress Kingdom of Poland was published on 20 July 1816 in Gazeta
Warszawska (The Warsaw Gazette). It was emphasised that the hymn "was
written in the spirit of the English God Save the King. The fact was
also mentioned that "His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Konstanty
condescended to express his contentment to the author. Captain
Kaszewski from the Fourth Infantry Regiment composed appropriate music
to this hymn." The hymn was performed during religious and patriotic
celebrations; the music was later changed to the tune of a popular
hymn: Bądź pozdrowiona Panienko Maryjo ("We Hail Thee Virgin Mary")
and later to that of Serdeczna Matko ("Sincere Mother"). Soon,
however, the hopes connected with Tsar Alexander I and the text of the
hymn itself began to be questioned. In 1817 there appeared a poem by
Antoni Gorecki entitled Hymn do Boga o zachowanie wolności ("Hymn to
God for the Preservation of Freedom"); in an anonymous version both
texts were combined; in effect the words of the refrain "Lord, save
our King!" were changed to "Lord, restore our fatherland to us!"
born in Å uck. In his childhood he met Tadeusz Czacki. He was educated
by the Piarists in Dąbrownica, later in Włodzimierz Wołyński. In
1778 he settled in Lublin, where he became a close companion of
Kajetan Koźmian. Having resigned from the Bar together with Tadeusz
Czacki, in 1779 he entered Parliament in Warsaw, where he became
acquainted with many contemporary writers from Jacek Małachowski’s
circle of friends. During the Kościuszko Insurrection, Feliński was
Tadeusz Kościuszko’s secretary for French correspondence as well as
the law and order commissar in Wołyń. After the defeat of the
Insurrection he stayed at the Tarnowskis’ in Dzików, in 1795 he
returned to Wołyń to manage his estate. In 1809 the author became a
member of the Society of the Friends of Science. In 1815 he went to
live in Warsaw and joined the circle of classicists. In 1818 he moved
to Krzemieniec, where he took up the position of professor in the
Krzemieniec Lyceum, where he subsequently became the headmaster. In
1819 he was granted honorary membership of Vilna University. He died
in Krzemieniec.Feliński was a representative of the classicism
typical of the time after Stanisław Poniatowski’s reign. One of his
major works was the tragedy Barbara Radziwiłłówna (1817), regarded
as a masterpiece of classicist poetics; he translated Dellile’s poem
entitled The Landlord or the French Landowners. He often spoke about
Polish orthography, entering into a polemic on the subject with Jan
Åšniadecki, who advocated traditional spelling.Hymn, written in honour
of Tsar Alexander I on the occasion of the first anniversary of the
Congress Kingdom of Poland was published on 20 July 1816 in Gazeta
Warszawska (The Warsaw Gazette). It was emphasised that the hymn "was
written in the spirit of the English God Save the King. The fact was
also mentioned that "His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Konstanty
condescended to express his contentment to the author. Captain
Kaszewski from the Fourth Infantry Regiment composed appropriate music
to this hymn." The hymn was performed during religious and patriotic
celebrations; the music was later changed to the tune of a popular
hymn: Bądź pozdrowiona Panienko Maryjo ("We Hail Thee Virgin Mary")
and later to that of Serdeczna Matko ("Sincere Mother"). Soon,
however, the hopes connected with Tsar Alexander I and the text of the
hymn itself began to be questioned. In 1817 there appeared a poem by
Antoni Gorecki entitled Hymn do Boga o zachowanie wolności ("Hymn to
God for the Preservation of Freedom"); in an anonymous version both
texts were combined; in effect the words of the refrain "Lord, save
our King!" were changed to "Lord, restore our fatherland to us!"
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