The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial
book identifier which is intended to be unique.[a][b] Publishers
purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.An
ISBN is assigned to each separate edition and variation (except
reprintings) of a publication. For example, an e-book, a paperback and
a hardcover edition of the same book will each have a different ISBN.
The ISBN is ten digits long if assigned before 2007, and thirteen
digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007.[c] The method of
assigning an ISBN is nation-specific and varies between countries,
often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a
country.The initial ISBN identification format was devised in 1967,
based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) created in 1966.
The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) and was published in 1970 as
international standard ISO 2108 (the 9-digit SBN code can be converted
to a 10-digit ISBN by prefixing it with a zero digit '0').
book identifier which is intended to be unique.[a][b] Publishers
purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.An
ISBN is assigned to each separate edition and variation (except
reprintings) of a publication. For example, an e-book, a paperback and
a hardcover edition of the same book will each have a different ISBN.
The ISBN is ten digits long if assigned before 2007, and thirteen
digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007.[c] The method of
assigning an ISBN is nation-specific and varies between countries,
often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a
country.The initial ISBN identification format was devised in 1967,
based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) created in 1966.
The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) and was published in 1970 as
international standard ISO 2108 (the 9-digit SBN code can be converted
to a 10-digit ISBN by prefixing it with a zero digit '0').
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