Valentina Semyonovna Brumberg (Russian: Ð'алентина
СемÑ'новна Ð'румберг; 2 August [O.S. 21 July] 1899 â€"
28 November 1975) and Zinaida Semyonovna Brumberg (Russian:
Зинаида СемÑ'новна Ð'румберг; 2 August [O.S. 20
July] 1900 â€" 9 February 1983), commonly known as the Brumberg
sisters, were among the pioneers of the Soviet animation industry. In
half a century they created around 50 films as animation directors,
animators and screenwriters, always working together. They were named
Meritorious Artists of the RSFSR in 1968.Valentina and Zinaida
Brumberg were born in Moscow into a Jewish family. Their father Semyon
Brumberg was a doctor who later took part in the World War I, while
their mother Cecilia Brumberg was a music teacher. They were described
by their friends as "two complete opposites": Valentina â€" as a
short, active woman always obsessed with ideas and Zinaida â€" as a
tall, slow woman who preferred to sit at home. In 1916 both sisters
graduated from a Moscow gimnasium with Diplomas of Education. In 1918
they entered Vkhutemas which they finished in 1925.Same year they
joined the Experimental Workshop led by Nikolai Khodataev, Yuri
Merkulov and Zenon Komissarenko to work on the cutout feature film
China in Flames made in support of the Chinese national liberation
movement. With 1000 meters of film and 14 frames per second it ran
over 50 minutes at the time, which made it one of the world's first
animated features. It was also noted for a variety of art styles
contributed by various young animators such as the Brumberg sisters,
Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Vladimir Suteev.In 1928 they co-directed their
first hand-drawn animated short The Samoyed Boy together with Nikolai
Khodataev and Olga Khodataeva, another brother-and-sister team. It was
stylized as traditional Nenets art and followed a dramatic narrative
which Khodataev described as "the first steps in conquering the
tradegy genre". In 1934 they joined forces with Ivanov-Vano and
co-directed Tsar Durandai (also known as The Tale of Tsar Durandai)
based on the satirical Russian fairy tale and filled with impressive
animation.
СемÑ'новна Ð'румберг; 2 August [O.S. 21 July] 1899 â€"
28 November 1975) and Zinaida Semyonovna Brumberg (Russian:
Зинаида СемÑ'новна Ð'румберг; 2 August [O.S. 20
July] 1900 â€" 9 February 1983), commonly known as the Brumberg
sisters, were among the pioneers of the Soviet animation industry. In
half a century they created around 50 films as animation directors,
animators and screenwriters, always working together. They were named
Meritorious Artists of the RSFSR in 1968.Valentina and Zinaida
Brumberg were born in Moscow into a Jewish family. Their father Semyon
Brumberg was a doctor who later took part in the World War I, while
their mother Cecilia Brumberg was a music teacher. They were described
by their friends as "two complete opposites": Valentina â€" as a
short, active woman always obsessed with ideas and Zinaida â€" as a
tall, slow woman who preferred to sit at home. In 1916 both sisters
graduated from a Moscow gimnasium with Diplomas of Education. In 1918
they entered Vkhutemas which they finished in 1925.Same year they
joined the Experimental Workshop led by Nikolai Khodataev, Yuri
Merkulov and Zenon Komissarenko to work on the cutout feature film
China in Flames made in support of the Chinese national liberation
movement. With 1000 meters of film and 14 frames per second it ran
over 50 minutes at the time, which made it one of the world's first
animated features. It was also noted for a variety of art styles
contributed by various young animators such as the Brumberg sisters,
Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Vladimir Suteev.In 1928 they co-directed their
first hand-drawn animated short The Samoyed Boy together with Nikolai
Khodataev and Olga Khodataeva, another brother-and-sister team. It was
stylized as traditional Nenets art and followed a dramatic narrative
which Khodataev described as "the first steps in conquering the
tradegy genre". In 1934 they joined forces with Ivanov-Vano and
co-directed Tsar Durandai (also known as The Tale of Tsar Durandai)
based on the satirical Russian fairy tale and filled with impressive
animation.
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